History of Mysore [Mysuru]

                     History of Mysore

                                     Ancient and Early History

• The region of Mysore (now in Karnataka, India) has been inhabited since ancient times.

• It was part of various South Indian empires like the Mauryas, Satavahanas, Kadambas, and Gangas.

• By the 10th century, it came under the Cholas and later the Hoysalas.

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                             Vijayanagara Period (14th – 16th Century)

• Mysore was a vassal state of the Vijayanagara Empire.

• The Wodeyar dynasty of Mysore was established in 1399 by Yaduraya Wodeyar, under Vijayanagara suzerainty.

• After the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire (1565), the Wodeyars asserted independence.

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                          Rise of the Wodeyars (16th – 18th Century)

• Mysore emerged as a regional power in South India.

• Under rulers like Chikka Devaraja Wodeyar, Mysore expanded significantly and developed its administrative structure.

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                         Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan (1760s – 1799)

• Hyder Ali, a military commander, seized power in the 1760s.

• His son, Tipu Sultan, continued his legacy and fiercely resisted British expansion.

• Tipu modernized the army, engaged in several wars with the British (Anglo-Mysore Wars), and allied with the French and Ottomans.

• He died in the Battle of Seringapatam (1799) during the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War.

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                     British Rule and the Princely State (1799 – 1947)

• After Tipu's death, the British reinstated the Wodeyars as puppet rulers.

• Mysore became a princely state under British suzerainty.

• The Wodeyars, especially Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV, were known for good governance, infrastructure development, and patronage of arts.

• Mysore was often called a "model state" under British India due to its progressive policies.

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                                  Post-Independence (1947 – Present)

• After India’s independence in 1947, Mysore acceded to the Indian Union.

• In 1956, with the States Reorganization Act, Mysore State was expanded and eventually renamed Karnataka in 1973.

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                                                      Cultural Legacy

• Mysore is known for Mysore Palace, Dasara Festival, Mysore painting, sandalwood, and silk.

• It remains a hub of South Indian classical music and traditional crafts.

                   👑 List of Major Wodeyar Rulers (1399–1950)

Ruler	Reign	Notable Contributions
Yaduraya Wodeyar	1399–1423	Founder of the Wodeyar dynasty.
Chamaraja Wodeyar III	1513–1553	Built Mysore’s early political identity under Vijayanagara.
Chikka Devaraja Wodeyar	1673–1704	Expanded territory, centralized administration, promoted trade.
Krishnaraja Wodeyar III	1799–1868	Reinstated after Tipu's fall, supported arts and Kannada literature.
Chamarajendra Wodeyar X	1868–1894	Promoted modern education and women's welfare.
Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV	1894–1940	Golden age of Mysore; infrastructure, universities, industries developed.
Jayachamarajendra Wodeyar	1940–1950	Last ruling Maharaja; signed accession to India post-1947

⚔️ The Anglo-Mysore Wars (1767–1799)

War	Year	Outcome
First	1767–1769	Hyder Ali defeats British; Treaty of Madras.
Second	1780–1784	Tipu Sultan holds ground; Treaty of Mangalore.
Third	1790–1792	British and Marathas defeat Tipu; loss of territory; Treaty of Seringapatam.
Fourth	1799	Tipu is killed; Mysore falls to British; Wodeyars reinstate

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                     ⚔️ The Anglo-Mysore Wars (1767–1799)

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